Road sprinter here.
5 second power is technique and neural drive.
Any real time structured training is kind of pointless. The two largest drivers of 5sec power increase are, 5sec sprints and weight training. You can make very substantial gains just sprinting, but long term, you’d need to add weight training to hit your best.
Unless you are trying to win Zwift races, I’d 1000% recommend doing them outside. The technique is different and most athletes make significantly more power. Which is the point of the training. Additionally, more important than your power is your timing. You have to practice sprinting to an actual finish line. Timing is everything in a sprint. You cannot and will not, learn that on your trainer.
You need to be well rested and well fueled. Simply do a ride. Once you’ve warmed up, including a few short 20sec ramps over threshold and a gentle first 5sec sprint at 75% max, then give it the beans…
You don’t need to do many. 4 or 5 is ample. Keep doing this weekly until you see no further gains. From there, you’ll need to add weight training to progress.
If it helps, the Coggan sprint numbers are from track sprinters, it has no bearing on road cyclists at all. That graph is pile of garbage and needs to be burned in a fire.
Road cyclists do not need to be doing 25w/kg for 5 sec. In fact, they can’t.
The best amateur road sprinters top out around 20w/kg 5sec.
Most amateurs don’t need anything like that to be competitive. In fact the more I race and watch others race, the more I’ve learnt that 5sec sprint power is mostly irrelevant. That’s not the metric that wins races. It’s actually your 15sec power that should be your focus.
A short sharp power profile is very hard to win with. I should know, as that’s what I started with. You need incredible timing and a very safe run in to win with high 5sec power.
A powerful 10 - 20sec sprint is what actually wins races on the road.
I’d say 14w/kg for 15s is solid. Anything higher, fantastic. If you can hit anything like that at the end of a race, you’ll do fine.
15sec power should be the power metric road sprinters focus on.
Finally, remember sprints aren’t won by the highest power numbers. It’s a very simple formula…
1. Position
2. Timing
3. Power
You’ll notice that power is 3rd. Without the correct position and the precise timing of your sprint, you could have a billion watts, you’ll still loose…
(Well maybe a billion watts would win a few races
)
Hope that helps.