Issues maintaining flat lower back when lifting

Ah, ok. Well if you have a disc bulge that’s an injury you have to take care of.

I wouldn’t be loading that at all then, or at least be careful doing it. Belt squats are a way to do some of the same stuff without loading the back. You basically stand on two raised platforms with weight slung between your legs using the same belt you would use to do loaded pullups and squat. Or single leg stuff.

Google Ben Bruno, he’s a trainer with a back issue who focuses on strength training around issues like that.

Good luck.