Is on-bike nutrition the biggest performance leap of the last 20 years?

Sorry, but no. Credit goes to Bergstrom (a nephrologist interested in muscle electrolyte levels) and especially Hultman (an exercise physiologist) (and of course Duchenne, who originally developed the needle biopsy method back in the 1800s).

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.0954-6820.1967.tb11504.x

(Yes, I have published on the history of the biopsy method as well:)

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