Which is no different in Italy, France and Spain
Which is very different than Italy and France. (I don’t know about Spain.) Policing in Italy and France is centralized on a national level. In Italy it the Polizia. In France its the Police Nationale (Sûreté). Both countries also have a military national police force (Gendarmerie/Carabinieri). While local municipalities might also have a very restricted local police force, the national law enforcement agencies have complete jurisdiction throughout the countries, even down to traffic matters.
Then there is the sheer size: Italy is 3/4 the size of California. France is a just a bit bigger than just Oregon and Washington.