Help me understand Training Peaks lingo please

Honestly not much. Getting fitter is simply raising your CTL. To do that, your ATL will necessarily go higher and TSB will go lower. TSB (Form) is generally used to dial in peaks for competitions, so it will be of little use to you unless you feel like you’re over training, in which case it will go excessively negative.

Over time, if you’re pushing your training stress higher and higher, your CTL will go up. ATL will flucuate depending on how hard you’re working in one particular week. CTL and ATL don’t relate directly to Form in terms of how much larger they are, so the fact that they’re 10* form or 2* form is irrelevant.

If you’re not building to a particular goal, but just want to get fitter, I wouldn’t bother even looking at ATL/Fatigue and TSB/Form. Just work to keep CTL going higher. That said, you can get exactly that by using the TR calendar and just looking at the 6-week average TSS, which is basically the same thing as Training Peaks’ CTL.