In Italy you need a regular license to ride a fondo. Otherwise you’re just a cyclotourist banned to the last block of the start grid. This is where people with regular bikes and hairy legs stand. Most fondos in Italy are races. Real races.
However, even here, fondos like the Ötztaler or similar are races. You just have to make the initial selection
In Germany you don’t really need a license to race. You can join a team and get a license but there are quite a few amateur races or at least there were before Covid.
This website lists them but you need to figure out the event types because some of these will be fondos or time trials.
I think 16,000 people took part in that “Ronde Van Vlanderen” experience over the weekend. Can’t really imagine any kind of real competition with these numbers
I was a DNF (tyre blowout 100km in), but it was timed. Also, that 16,000 was over 4 different distances. But having said that, seemed to be general sportive fair with those wanting to push on, pushing on.
Pushing on, but having to stop at train crossings and in open traffic, riding bike paths alongside streets. I mean, you can try and compete, but there’s really lots of better opportunities to race across europe
Maybe one of the reasons people ask if they are competitive is that actual races in Europe are mostly insane! Speaking from Spanish experience the ticket to ride is north of 4.5 w/kg since all races here are either hilly, very hilly, or mountains lol. At least in the open/elite divisions. And there is always a decent chance that there are real pros in the field.
Gran fondos then fill that gap, and at least here they are often run very much like a race: closed roads, cutoff times that are fairly strict (I have 4.5 w/kg more or less (well probably less last summer ) and was out of the road closure window last summer during a really hilly/long gran fondo). there are sometimes even age group awards. I would compare it to the cycling equivalent of a running marathon or something.