Alloy vs. carbon gravel wheelset under $1k

Yes.
Especially on rims carbon can play out its advantages. I recently had an aluminium MTB wheel, there were cracks around essentially every single nipple hole. It was Stans rim, so not a cheap, entry-level rim, but not super expensive either.

Such fatigue cracks are much, much less likely with carbon. And carbon wheels will stay true for longer (as they either stay true or break). My carbon road wheels (3T Discus C45|32s) have seen quite a bit of abuse here, including cobbles from hell with at least one very hard impact directly to the rim.

Regarding serviceability, that’s mostly a function of your hub. And you can mate the same hubs to a carbon or an aluminium rim.

I’d also recommend you have a look at Hunt Wheels. The EU prices are very close to your budget, although US prices are now quite a bit higher. For $1,300 you can get a 1,460 g wheel set that is 35mm deep and has 25 mm internal width.