300 mile ride in one go, getting the calories in

I’d suggest a nice break for a meal would help a ton with the calories. Since you’re riding your own pace and for your own reasons (not tied to an event) find a 24/7 place and stop in during the darkest hours of the ride (mentally or environmentally, whichever) and grab something substantial.

Intensity will be low given the duration of the effort so you should be able to do something like this without a huge impact